Oil and offshore industry: offshore drilling
platforms: injury onshore: petitioner Pacific Operators Offshore, LLP
(Pacific), operates two drilling platforms on the Outer Continental Shelf
(OCS) off the California coast and an onshore oil and gas processing facility.
Employee Juan Valladolid spent 98 percent of his time working on an offshore
platform, but he was killed in an accident while working at the onshore
facility. His widow, a respondent here, sought benefits under the Longshore and
Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act (LHWCA), 33 U. S. C. §901 et seq., pursuant to the Outer
Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA), which extends LHWCA coverage to injuries
“occurring as the result of operations conducted on the OCS” for the purpose of
extracting natural resources from the shelf, 43 U. S. C. §1333(b); the OCSLA
extends coverage to an employee who can establish a substantial nexus between
his injury and his employer’s extractive operations on the OCS; the Ninth
Circuit’s “substantial-nexus” test is more faithful to §1333(b)’s text. This
Court understands that test to require the injured employee to establish a
significant causal link between his injury and his employer’s on-OCS
extractive operations. The test may not be the easiest to administer, but
Administrative Law Judges and courts should be able to determine if an injured
employee has established the required significant causal link. Whether an
employee injured while performing an off-OCS task qualifies will depend on the
circumstances of each case. It was thus proper for the Ninth Circuit to remand
this case for the Benefits Review Board to apply the “substantial-nexus” test
(U.S.S.Ct., 11.01.12, Pacific Operators Offshore, LLP v. Valladolid, J. Thomas).
Showing posts with label Oil. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Oil. Show all posts
Wednesday, January 11, 2012
Pacific Operators Offshore, LLP v. Valladolid
Tuesday, March 2, 2010
Mac’s Shell v. Shell Oil
Termination, constructive termination: the
Petroleum Marketing Practices Act (Act) limits the circumstances in which
franchisors may “terminate” a service-station franchise or “fail to renew” a
franchise relationship. 15 U. S. C. §§2802, 2804; a
franchisee cannot recover for constructive termination under the Act if the
franchisor’s allegedly wrongful conduct did not compel the franchisee to
abandon its franchise; the Act provides that “no franchisor . . . may .
. . terminate any franchise,” except for an enumerated reason and after giving
written notice, §2802(a)–(b), and specifies that “ ‘termination’ includes
cancellation,” §2801(17); general understanding of the constructive termination
doctrine as applied in analogous legal contexts—e.g., employment law,
see Pennsylvania State Police v. Suders, 542 U. S. 129,
141–143—where a termination is deemed “constructive” only because the
plaintiff, not the defendant, formally ends a particular legal relationship—not
because there is no end to the relationship at all; leaves undisturbed state
law regulation of other types of disputes between petroleum franchisors and
franchisees, see §2806(a); a franchisee who signs and
operates under a renewal agreement with a franchisor may not maintain a
constructive nonrenewal claim under the Act. The Act’s text leaves no room for
such an interpretation; signing their renewal agreements “under protest” did
not preserve the dealers’ ability to assert nonrenewal claims (U.S.S.Ct., 02.03.10,
Mac’s Shell v. Shell Oil, J. Alito, unanimous).
Résiliation contractuelle,
résiliation constructive : le Petroleum Marketing Practices Act limite les
circonstances dans lesquelles les franchiseurs peuvent résilier la franchise
d’une station-service ou peuvent ne pas renouveler un contrat de franchise.
Sous l’empire de cette loi, un franchisé ne peut pas être dédommagé suite à une
résiliation « constructive » si l’acte prétendument abusif du
franchiseur ne contraint pas le franchisé à abandonner sa franchise. Dite loi
stipule qu’un franchiseur ne peut mettre fin à un contrat de franchise, sauf
pour l’un des motifs énumérés, et après avoir donné notice écrite. La loi
précise en outre que l’annulation équivaut à une résiliation. La doctrine de la
résiliation constructive, telle que généralement comprise, appliquée dans des
contextes juridiques analogues (par exemple en droit du travail), prévoit que
la résiliation est qualifiée de « constructive » uniquement du fait
que c’est le demandeur, et non le défendeur, qui met formellement fin à un
rapport juridique particulier, et nullement du fait que le rapport ne prend pas
fin ; la présente décision de la Cour ne porte nulle atteinte à la
réglementation étatique portant sur d’autres types de litiges entre
franchiseurs de l’industrie pétrolière et franchisés ; un franchisé qui
accepte un renouvellement de son contrat de franchise et qui exécute ses
obligations selon celui-ci ne peut pas invoquer un non-renouvellement
constructif de son contrat de franchise selon l’Act précité. Le texte de l’Act ne
laisse aucune place pour une telle interprétation. Signer le renouvellement du
contrat avec un protêt ne permet pas non plus aux franchisés d’invoquer un
non-renouvellement du contrat.
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