Indemnity, equitable indemnity, third party. The
principal question for us is whether or not a requirement of a joint legal
obligation also applies when implied contractual indemnity is at issue. We conclude the answer is yes (p. 10). A
shipowner contracted with a stevedoring company for performance of stevedoring
operations, but the company’s failure to perform the work safely contributed to
the injury of one of its own employees.
The United States Supreme Court held that, under these circumstances,
the shipowner had an action for breach of contract to recover indemnity from
the stevedoring company for the compensation the shipowner paid to the
company’s injured employee (p. 12). Contract
language must be “particularly clear and explicit” to afford protection beyond
that available under doctrines of implied or equitable indemnity, e.g.,
indemnification regardless of the indemnitor’s fault (p. 15). We recognized
that an implied contractual indemnity claim, like a traditional equitable
indemnity claim, is subject to the American
Motorcycle rule that a party’s liability for equitable indemnity is based
on its proportional share of
responsibility for the damages to the injured party (p. 16). That implied
contractual indemnity has always been subject to the rule that “ ‘there
can be no indemnity without liability.’ Application of this rule here compels
the conclusion that PG&E’s immunity from liability to Jackson under section
846 bars Prince from recovering on an implied contractual indemnity theory (p.
17) (Cal. S. Ct., 19.03.09, Prince v. Pacific Gas, S149344).
En droit
californien, les dommages-intérêts contractuels implicites peuvent être alloués
mais ils doivent être proportionnels à la faute commise. Une responsabilité
sans faute peut également être admise de manière générale mais les termes du
contrat doivent la prévoir et être particulièrement clairs et explicites à ce
sujet.