Bankruptcy: to finance the purchase of a commercial
property and associated renovation and construction costs, petitioners
(debtors) obtained a secured loan from an investment fund, for which
respondent (Bank) serves as trustee. The debtors ultimately became insolvent,
and sought relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. Pursuant to 11 U. S.
C. §1129(b)(2)(A), the debtors sought to confirm a “cramdown” bankruptcy plan
over the Bank’s objection. That plan proposed selling substantially all of the
debtors’ property at an auction, and using the sale proceeds to repay the
Bank. Under the debtors’ proposed auction procedures, the Bank would not be
permitted to bid for the property using the debt it is owed to offset the
purchase price, a practice known as “credit-bidding.” The Bankruptcy Court
denied the debtors’ request, concluding that the auction procedures did not
comply with §1129(b)(2)(A)’s requirements for cramdown plans. The Seventh
Circuit affirmed, holding that §1129(b)(2)(A) does not permit debtors to sell
an encumbered asset free and clear of a lien without permitting the lien holder
to credit-bid.
Held: The debtors may not obtain
confirmation of a Chapter 11 cramdown plan that provides for the sale of
collateral free and clear of the Bank’s lien, but does not permit the Bank to
credit-bid at the sale. A Chapter 11 plan proposed over the objection of a
“class of secured claims” must meet one of three requirements in order to be
deemed “fair and equitable,” and therefore confirmable. The secured creditor
may retain its lien on the property and receive deferred cash payments, §1129(b)(2)(A)(i);
the debtors may sell the property free and clear of the lien, “subject to
section 363(k)”—which permits the creditor to credit-bid at the sale—and
provide the creditor with a lien on the sale proceeds, §1129(b)(2)(A)(ii); or
the plan may provide the secured creditor with the “indubitable equivalent” of
its claim, §1129(b)(2)(A)(iii) (U.S. S. Ct., 29.05.12, RadLAX Gateway Hotel,
LLC v. Amalgamated Bank, J. Scalia).
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